Stability of Tracking the Delay of Phase-shift Keyed Signals with Spectrum Expanding in Synchronization Systems of Radio Engineering Systems
Keywords:
Phase-shift Keyed Signals with Spectrum Extension, Synchronization, Delay Tracking Scheme, Probability of Tracking FailureAbstract
The issues of ensuring the stability of delay tracking in synchronization systems of radio engineering systems when receiving phase-shift keyed signals with spectrum expansion based on pseudorandom sequences are considered. When working with moving objects, the delay of the received signal continuously changes, synchronization errors occur, and the quality of signal reception largely depends on the stability of the tracking scheme for the delay, characterized by the probability of tracking failure. Delay tracking is usually considered as the main task of the synchronization system of the considered radio systems with phase-manipulated signals with spectrum expansion based on pseudo-random sequences.
The effect of synchronization errors when tracking the delay of a received phase-shift keyed signal with a spectrum extension based on pseudorandom sequences on the probability of tracking failure is studied. The calculation method is used to obtain families of dependences of the probability of tracking failure on the values of random and systematic components of the delay tracking error, normalized to the capture band of the time discriminator of the delay tracking scheme for various combinations of these parameters. The areas of weak and strong influence of the value of tracking errors over the delay of the received signal on the probability of tracking failure are determined. The nature of impact of random and systematic components of tracking error on the probability of failure of tracking was analyzed and it was found that in the General case is the ambiguity of normalized mean square of tracking error as the optimization criterion while minimizing the likelihood of tracking loss.
Calculations performed for a wide range of changes in the normalized delay tracking errors show that to ensure a given quality of signal reception in a radio system with phase-shift keyed signals with spectrum expansion based on pseudorandom sequences, a joint choice of parameters of the delay tracking system that determine the value of random and systematic components of the tracking error is necessary. The results obtained can be used to analyze the characteristics of synchronization systems that monitor the parameters of received signals with a spectrum extension, and to justify the technical solutions of the synchronization system that provide the required quality of signal reception in information and measurement of radio-electronic systems.
References
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2. Borisov V.I., Zinchuk V.M., Limarev A.E., Shestopalov V.I. Pomehozashhishhennost' sistem radiosvjazi s rasshireniem spektra prjamoj moduljaciej psevdosluchajnoj posledovatel'nost'ju [Hindrance immunity of radio communication systems with spreading of the spectrum by direct modulation with a pseudo-random sequence]. M.: Radio i svyaz’. 2011. 548 p. (In Russ.).
3. Alatabani L.E., Abdalla A.G.E. FHSS, DSSS and hybrid DS/FH performance evaluation for VSAT. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research. 2015. vol. 4. no. 9. pp. 58–62.
4. Prakash D., Amaralingeswara R. Mobile communication system using VHDL. EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research. 2018. vol. 4 no. 11. pp. 90–94.
5. Galanternik Yu.M., Gorish A.V., Kalinin A.F. Komandno-izmeritel'nye sistemy i nazemnye kompleksy upravlenija kosmicheskimi apparatami [Command and measuring systems and ground-based spacecraft control complexes]. M.: MGUL. 2003. 200 p. (In Russ.).
6. Bakitko R.V., Boldenkov E.N., Bulavsky N.T. i dr. GLONASS. Principy postroenija i funkcionirovanija [GLONASS. Principles of construction and operation]. M.: Radiotehnika. 2010. 800 p. (In Russ.).
7. Mon K.M., Tun P.T., Shukla A.P. Study and analysis on binary offset carrier (BOC) modulation in satellite navigation systems. IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering. 2016. vol. 11. no. 5. pp. 115–123.
8. Pashintsev V.P. et al. Formation Algorithms and Properties of Binary Quasi-Orthogonal Code Sequence of Modern Satellite Systems. International Journal of Engineering & Technology. 2018. vol. 7. no. 4.38. pp. 1205–1209.
9. TC Synchronization and Channel Coding. Recommended Standard CCSDS 230.1-G-2. Green Book. Issue 2. Washington. DC: CCSDS. 2012.
10. Pseudo-Noise Ranging Systems. Informational Report CCSDS 414.0-G-2. Green Book. Issue 2. Washington. DC: CCSDS. 2014.
11. Mishurov A.V. Panko S.P. [Using of international standards in the design of new command-measuring systems of spacecrafts]. Issledovaniya naukohrada – Science-sity research. 2017. vol. 1. pp. 11–15 (In Russ.).
12. Mikhailov N.V., Chistyakov V.V. Priemniki sputnikovoj navigacii kosmicheskogo bazirovanija: arhitektura i pervichnaja obrabotka signalov [Space-based satellite navigation receivers: architecture and primary signal processing]. Nauchnaja kniga. 2014. 124 p. (In Russ.).
13. Tuzov G.I. Ststisticheskaja teorja priema slozhnyh signalov [Statistical theory of reception of complicated signals]. M.: Sov. Radio. 1977. 400 p. (In Russ.).
14. Zhuravlev V.I. Poisk i sinhronizacija v shirokopolosnyh sistemah [Search and synchronization in broadband systems]. M.: Radio i svyaz’. 1986. 240 p. (In Russ.).
15. Khaing W.K. et al. Implementation of code and carrier tracking loops for software GPS receivers. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research. 2015. vol. 4. no. 6. pp. 353–359.
16. Sudani S., Upadhyay D., Patidar P. Implementation of acquisition and tracking algorithms of spread spectrum signals in high dynamic scenario. International Journal of Current Advanced Research. 2016. vol 5. no. 3. pp. 643–648.
17. Shakhtarin B.I., Sidorkina Yu.A., Kulkov I.A. [Modeling of hybrid system of phase and clock synchronization of FM-signals]. Vestnik MGTU imeni N.E .Baumana. Seriya «Priborostroenie» – Messenger MGTU named after N.E .Baumana. Series «Instrumentation». 2014. vol. 4. pp. 123–134 (In Russ.).
18. Salido-Monzu D. et al. Delay tracking of spread-spectrum signals for indoor optical ranging. Sensors. 2014. vol. 14. pp. 23176–23204.
19. Korovin A.V., Mironov V.A., Novikov A.A., Chervan D.A. [Synthesis of discriminator of the joint tracking scheme for the delay of perspective GLONASS navigation signals]. Antenny – Antennas. 2017. vol. 7. pp. 40–68 (In Russ.).
20. Gang F., Ting Y., Guoxiang G. Research on tracking of spread spectrum PN code signal. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Machinery, Materials and Computing Technology (ICMMCT 2017). 2017. pp. 506–509.
21. Abboud I.K., Kunbar L.A. Hassan A.S. Synchronization in DSSS system. International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering. 2020. vol. 11. no. 2. pp. 88–94.
22. Maltsev G.N., Evteev A.V. [Investigation of the noise immunity of radio engineering information transmission systems with noise-like phase-shifted signals in the presence of delay synchronization errors]. Informatsionno-upravliaiushchie sistemy – Information management systems. 2019. vol. 3. pp. 105–113 (In Russ.).
23. Botov V.A. Kazakov L.N. Selyanskaya E.A. Solovyev D.M. [Experimental studies of maximum achievable parameters of secretive radio channel of mobile objects control in conditions of multipath propagation]. Vestnik SibGUTI – Messenger SibGUTI. 2016. vol. 3. pp. 57–65 (In Russ.).
24. Li A. et al Code synchronization algorithm based on segment correlation in spread spectrum communication. Algorithms. 2015. vol. 4. no. 4. pp. 870–894.
25. Mintas Parveen C.M. Code selection with application to spread spectrum systems based on correlation properties. International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering. 2015. vol. 4. no. 6. pp. 348–351.
26. Zhang Z., Lei J. A detecting algorithm of DSSS signal based on auto-correlation estimation. IEEE 2nd Advanced Information Technology, Electronic and Automation Control Conference. Chongqing. 2017. pp. 137–141.
27. Shakhtarin B.I. Analiz sistem sinhronizacii pri nalichii pomeh [Analysis of synchronization systems in the presence of hindrances]. M.: Gorjachaja linija–Telekom. 2016. 360 p. (In Russ.).
28. Mlechin V.V. Teorija radiojelektronnogo preodolenija. Analiz vozdejstvija pomeh na ra-diotehnicheskie sistemy i ustrojstva [Theory of electronic overcoming. Analysis of the impact of interference on radio systems and devices]. M.: Radiotehnika. 2009. 976 p. (In Russ.).
29. Tihonov V.I., Harisov V.N. Statisticheskij analiz i sintez radiotehnicheskih ustrojstv i sistem [Statistical analysis and synthesis of radio engineering devices and systems]. M.: Radio i svyaz’. 1991. 608 p. (In Russ.).
30. Shakhtarin B.I., Aslanov T.G. [Statistical dynamics of second-order phase-locked loop under the influence of combined hindrances]. Nauka i obrazovanie: Nauchnoe izdanie MGTU imeni N.E.Baumana – Science and education: scientific publication of the Moscow State Technical University. N.E. Bauman. 2012. vol. 5. pp. 1–10 (In Russ.).
31. Ganesavadivu S., Veancy B.J., Yogesh P. Synchronization eerror suppression and precoder designin OFDM channel. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 2015. vol. 10. no. 7. pp. 3251–3255.
32. Sheen W.-H., Chang M.-J., Wu C.-S. Performance analysis of noncoherent digital delay locked loops for direct sequence spread spectrum systems with Doppler shift and quantized adaptation. IEEE Transactions on wireless Communications. 2004. vol. 3. no. 6. pp. 2108–2118.
33. Zhodzishsky M.I., Kurynin R.V. [Study of properties of systems of single and joint phase synchronization and assessment of position and speed of movement of GNSS receivers]. T-Comm: Telecommunicatsii i transport – T-Comm: Telecommunications and transport. 2017. vol. 1. pp. 45–50 (In Russ.).
34. Perov A.I. [Algorithms for monitoring the delay tracking mode in satellite navigation equipment]. Radionavigacionnye tehnologii – Radio navigation technology. M.: Radiotehnika. 2019. vol. 8. pp. 40–68 (In Russ.).
35. Burkov V.D., Ginkul D.I. [Synchronization process of synchronous radio line of command-measuring system]. Lesnoy vestnik – Forest Bulletin. 2015. vol. 1. pp. 89–96 (In Russ.).
36. Kirillov S.N., Buzykanov S.N. [Methods of multicriteria synthesis of algorithms of digital signal processing]. Cifrovaja obrabotka signalov – Digital signal processing. 2012. vol. 1. pp. 3–7 (In Russ.).
37. Sun X., Qin H., Niu J. Comparison and analysis of GNSS signal tracking performance based on Kalman filter and traditional loop. WSEAS Transactions on Signal Processing. 2013. vol. 9. pp. 99–108.
38. Shaoshuai W., Zebo Z., Gang F. Tracking technology on phase of PN code in spread spectrum communication. Proceedings of the 3th Conference on Materials Engineering, Manufacturing Technology and Control (ICMEMTC-2016). 2016. pp. 546–549.
39. Baulin P.Z., Kobelev M.A., Kupriyanov A.I. [To the assessment of the hindrance immunity of radio systems with broadband signals]. Raketno-kosmicheskoe priborostroenie i informatcionnye systemy – Rocket and space instrumentation and information systems. 2015. vol. 1. pp. 42–46 (In Russ.).
40. Deshmukha S., Bhosleb U. Performance evaluation of spread spectrum system using different modulation schemes. International Conference on Computational Modelling and Security (CMS-2016). 2016. pp. 176–182.
41. Lukyanchikov V.D., Liventsev V.V., Sergienko A.I. [Hindrance immunity of coherent reception of phase-shifted broadband signals with polarization coding for non-ideal time and phase synchronization]. Izvestiya vuzov Rossii. Radioelectronira – Proceedings of Russian universities. Radio electronics. 2013. vol. 3. pp. 3–10 (In Russ.).
42. Belov S.P., Zhilyakov E.G., Belov A.S., Rachinsky S.A. [About one method of frame synchronization of broadband signals]. Nauchnye vedomosti. Seriya “Ekonomika. Informatika” – Scientific statements. Series “Economy. Informatics”. BelGU. 2015. pp. 187–190 (In Russ.).
43. Pinto L. R., Almeida L. A robust approach to TDMA synchronization in aerial networks. Sensors. 2018. vol. 18. no. 12. pp. 1–18.
44. Abdulhamid M., Omar H. Code tracking of DSSS signal over AWGN channel // Scientific Bulletin of the Electrical Engineering Faculty. 2019. vol. 18. no. 1. pp. 13–17.
Published
2021-02-08
How to Cite
Maltsev, G., & Evteev, A. (2021). Stability of Tracking the Delay of Phase-shift Keyed Signals with Spectrum Expanding in Synchronization Systems of Radio Engineering Systems. Informatics and Automation, 20(1), 16-42. https://doi.org/10.15622/ia.2021.20.1.1
Section
Robotics, Automation and Control Systems
Copyright (c) Георгий Николаевич Мальцев, Андрей Владимирович Евтеев
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