Published:
2002-02-01
Articles
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Problems of providing stability of transition to information society are discussed, among them ecological and social stabilities of society development at current stage of its development are outlined. Factors that affect the stability of social development, approaches to stability estimation and perspectives of providing stability of transition to information society are studied.
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The state of the art review of materials on development new interdisciplinary of a scientific direction — telemedicine in Russia, manly, on it NORTHWEST is reduced.
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An index and a method of its estimation are proposed for an efficiency evaluation of man-machine systems (MMS). The notion of efficiency is introduced as a complex property of MMS functioning consisting of its productivity, resource demand and operational efficiency taken in the aggregate. The efficiency index bears a probabilistic meaning. For its evaluation, a system of graph and functional models of MMS is proposed. An example of MMS efficiency estimation is given.
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Formalized presentation of "The Doctrine of information security" is given in term and facility of the model designed for analysis and security estimation of information objects. It is emphasized coincidence of main categories, used, both in model, and in "The Doctrine" that has allowed to conduct the natural formalization of the contents given document. It is brought results of merit calculation including quantitative estimation of the measures, proposed in "Doctrine" and the other documents like level. It is shown possibility of the using of model for support of the realization of "The Doctrine" on engineering level and for her own development.
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The project of the network programme complex for support of the analysis and security estimation of information objects is presented. It is brought the thumbnail sketch of source model and its programme realization local version. It Is analysed experience of usage of this version, which has shown need for certain intellectualisation of the system of modeling and, first of all, creation of the information resource, functional and structured characteristics which allow to qualify it as knowledgebase. Need of the transition is shown from local product and the individual use to client-server technology and collective development of the resource. It is presented structure of the information base and network software. Further ways of the development of the system are intended toward dynamic modeling with use monitoring data.
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The problems of estimation of availability of hierarchical communication systems for intertier ring protection schemes considered. The cases of unprotected, partially protected, and completely protected system analyzed.
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The possible tendencies of the offshore software development in Russia as compared with other countries – software exporters, its place and role in the national economy are considered.
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The development of the Group Expert Technology Tools for various organizational and technical decisions estimations implemented in the St.Petersburg Institute for Informatics and Automation Russian Academy of Sciences (lab of Integrated systems of automation), deals with usage of Internet communication capabilities during cooperative activity of the users. In the article the problems of a place and role of the Group Expert Estimation Technology in general scheme of decision making in conditions of uncertainty, the XML language as opened standard for information exchange between the Internet users, other standards and approaches to organization of the component communications in distributed heterogeneous information environments are esteemed
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Different variants of implementation of multiprocessors with dynamic architecture (MDA) are considered. Architecture of the processor with dynamic architecture (PDA), based on programmable flexible logic devices is suggested. Different ways for usage these processors, as well in MDA as independently are discussed.
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Approach is suggested for setting of the task execution periods in time-triggered real-time systems. Schedule presentation forms and schedule execution procedures are adduced for the systems with binary ranged and binary-decimal ranged task periods.
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The new program-technical solutions using real successes and possibilities of domestic science in the field of analytical systems are offered. The possibilities of creation of effective strategic analytical systems of the "partner" class, having no analogies in the world, are discussed.
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The problems of the creating, using and development of automation system is considered. A special attention is given to computer-aided monitoring system for technical object states in real time with possibility of theirs structures destruction.
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The impulse sensitivity of non-stationary linear dynamic systems is investigated. The functions of sensitivity of the output variables derivatives to jumps of piecewise-constant control are obtained in terms of coefficients of the equations, describing systems in "input-output" variables. The matrices of impulse sensitivity are applied to a solution of the problem of design of ε -optimal controls ensuring a beforehand specific accuracy of tracking of desirable movements on any time interval if there are restrictions on output signals and their derivatives. Necessary and sufficient conditions of robustness and ε -optimality of offered invariant control laws in geometric and determinant forms are proved.
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Methods and means for organizing programs in multiprocessor environment with dynamic architecture are considered. Object-oriented method for programming autotransforming network- represented programs that reflect mainly the structure of the problem solved but properties of computational environment is suggested. Means for supporting this approach on hardware level and on the level of the operating system and the method of graphical parallel program design in the network representation are discussed.
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An approach to implementation of backtracking in Forth is proposed that uses a single stack (the return stack) and is compatible with local variables. Applicability of analogous techniques to implementation of backtracking for C is discussed. Backtracking introduces one more sort of modularity into the language: modules responsible for iteration.
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The summary: the conceptual substantiation and description of new information technology Is resulted on the basis of the analysis fractal of dynamics of short pieces encefalograms. Its distinctive features are: the analysis fractal of the information characteristics of process of dynamics(changes) of electrical activity of a brain and synthesis on this basis of the automated procedures of classification and interpretation of functional condition of the patient.
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The scheme of biophysical processes of neuron and neural memory based on conformational changes of soma-dendrite membrane is investigated. It is shown, that the "spontaneous" activity, produced by these changes in neuron membrane is determined in reality by afferent signals, as well as both combinatorial and geometrical specificity of synaptic environment of conformation clusters. The array of such clusters and their responses to chemical and electrical stimulations is analyzed. The relationship is found between biomolecular and neurophysiologic phenomena, including correspondence between three conformation states of receptive clusters and gating charge function, that defines closed, open and inactivated state of ion channels,. The inactivation is connected with engram forming. The selective properties of conformation clusters are described with an information model, which allows deriving information-transforming function of the neuron.
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This paper contains a description of the class of knowledge bases built with uncertain knowledge patterns. A research method that is common for such knowledge pattern bases is under consideration. It consists of four research steps: consistency maintenance, inference without evidence, inference with evidence, and stability indicators for the above processes.
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Development of an effective strategy of the reduction of air pollution in the regional scale requires fast estimation of both existing pollution level and that resulting from the different possible sets of measures affecting the pollutant emissions from industrial sources. In order to accelerate the necessary calculations the Euleran-Lagrangian scheme for regional air pollution modelling and the corresponding computer code were modified for multiprocessor systems. The code was tested on three systems with local memory and different software environment. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of high performance computing in the field of environmental management.
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The automatic devices with stack memory traditionally being as a formalism for representation of algorithms of the syntactic analysis, can have much wider application — in particular, for formalization of rules of the decision of combinations tasks in various subject domains. In the article on a several examples discus features of a design and organization such automatic devices. Also definition the analogy between similar automatic devices and mechanism of backtracking in a prologue — system.
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Systems analysis (SA) was widely used in solving of complex problems. At the initial stages of SA problems and goals are analyzed and the structures of problems/goals (SP/SG) are formed. Decision-makers have to be sure the formed aim-realizing systems (ARS) can achieve goals of SG and these goals are right. But analysis is based on expert methods. Therefore quality of SP/SG is not very high. That is why scientific foundations of SA are not supposed to have been completely formed. Methodology based on logical and linguistic simulation of structure-aimed analysis of problem situations is a step in the direction of formalization of the initial stages of SA and improvement quality of their results. It allows to eliminate errors in structures, make reliable complex solutions and perform correct synthesis of ARS.
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The methods of structural synthesis and common principles of the invariant analysis of complicated nonlinear mathematical models are considered. The analytic form of representation of models looks like the multiparameter differential equations or dynamic systems with control. The concepts about formal models of type polynomial, formal integral manifolds and differential complexes are introduced. The examples of algorithms are reduced. The models polynomial and singular type converted and controlled, ecological minimum type are considered. The examples of the mathematical Handbook are reduced.
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New informative technologies on the base of fractal dynamics analysis of short fragments of electroencephalograms and the results of computer experiment on automatic classification of pathology types are briefly described. Also the results of correlation analysis of suggested informative fractal characteristics as well as clinical, neurophysiological and integral neuropsychological indexes of brain work in investigated patients are discussed
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The problem of the determination of signal quantization mistakes is considering from spline theory position. The method of the mistakes estimation based on formulas for power spectrum with signal approximation by graded B-splines of zero degree and by polynomial splines of high degrees is offering.
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Common algorithm for extracting of left/right recursion in CFR-productions are considering in connection with equivalent syntax transformation, examples are demonstrated.
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The variant of evolutionary spectra analysis with relatively evident frequency domain interpretation is proposed. The procedure is to supply detailed diagnostic information on default localization of the mechanism under regard.
