Ассоциированные с подсолнечником микромицеты и их значимость как возбудителей болезней в России

Abstract

Despite the considerable attention devoted to the study of sunflower diseases, inaccuracies in the names of diseases, assessments of their practical importance, and the use of scientific names of pathogens are still frequently encountered in the literature. This leads to confusion and reduces the informativeness of published data on the phytosanitary situation. The present review continues a series of publications dedicated to the diseases of wheat, barley, and potato. It provides structured information on the major diseases of sunflower and their pathogenic fungi, as well as on fungi that may pose a potential threat. The current taxonomic status of fungal and fungus-like organisms associated with sunflower is given, along with a brief description of their distribution and their impact on yield. The fungi are divided into two groups according to their phytosanitary significance: the first includes the pathogens of 15 major sunflower diseases, while the second comprises species associated with 13 minor or insufficiently studied diseases with unconfirmed harmfulness. Information on the potential danger of these fungi is often contradictory, and the available data appear to require further verification. The present review may serve as a reference for more accurate and consistent descriptions of the phytosanitary situation. It will also support future targeted studies employing molecular methods to clarify the taxonomy and distribution of fungi associated with sunflower and to obtain more detailed information on the harmfulness of diseases affecting this crop.